Having a job you dislike not only sucks, it might also be impacting your health.

做著一份自己不喜歡的工作不僅造成負(fù)面效果，還有可能危害你的健康。

Job-related dissatisfaction experienced in your 20s and 30s can lead to overall health issues just 10 or 20 years down the line, according to a new study from the American Sociological Association.

來(lái)自美國(guó)社會(huì)學(xué)家協(xié)會(huì)的一項(xiàng)最新研究顯示，在20到30多歲期間的職業(yè)不滿情緒，有可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致隨后10-20年的健康問(wèn)題。

“We found that there is a cumulative effect of job satisfaction on health that appears as early as your 40s,” said lead author Jonathan Dirlam, a doctoral student in sociology at Ohio State University.

“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，職業(yè)滿意度會(huì)對(duì)人的健康產(chǎn)生累積效應(yīng)，最早出現(xiàn)在40歲。”本項(xiàng)研究的首席執(zhí)行者Jonathan Dirlan表示，他是俄亥俄州立大學(xué)的博士生

Dirlam和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)分析了來(lái)自《全國(guó)青年縱向調(diào)查》中的6000位測(cè)試者的數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)從1979年就開(kāi)始進(jìn)行追蹤統(tǒng)計(jì)。

Dirlam and his team analyzed data from over 6,000 participants in the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth, which has been tracking outcomes of participants since 1979.

研究人員分析了年齡在25-39歲的測(cè)試者的職業(yè)滿意度軌跡，并與其40歲時(shí)的身體報(bào)告進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)對(duì)比。

The researchers examined the participants’ job satisfaction trajectories from age 25 to 39, and then compared that data with the health conditions reported by the same participants after they turned 40.

他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了，在早年對(duì)職業(yè)滿意度較差的人群，在40歲的時(shí)候或多或少都會(huì)產(chǎn)生疾病，特別是心理健康方面的疾病。他們表現(xiàn)得更抑郁，有更多的情緒問(wèn)題和睡眠問(wèn)題，常常感到不安。

What they discovered was people who were unhappier in their jobs early in their careers were also the most prone to illness, particularly mental health problems, in their 40s. They were more depressed, had more emotional issues and sleep problems and suffered from excessive worry.

另外身體疾病的發(fā)病率也很高，雖然程度較低。對(duì)職業(yè)滿意度較低的相比職業(yè)滿意度高的人群，更容易出現(xiàn)背部疼痛和感冒等疾病。

Physical ailments were also more likely, though to a lesser degree. Those with lower job satisfaction tended to report more problems like back pain and frequent colds than those who were happier at work.

“我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，那些在接近30歲或40歲對(duì)職業(yè)滿意度低的人們，更可能患上心理疾病。”Dirlam接受CBS NEWS采訪的時(shí)候表示。“那些一開(kāi)始有著較高，隨后降低的滿意度的人們，他們的健康問(wèn)題更嚴(yán)重。”

“We found that those with lower job satisfaction levels throughout their late 20s and 30s have worse mental health compared to those with high job satisfaction levels,” Dirlamtold CBS News. “Those who initially had high job satisfaction but downwardly decreased over time also had worse health.”

本次研究的共同研究人員鄭輝(音譯)是俄亥俄州立大學(xué)社會(huì)學(xué)的副教授，他表示這些發(fā)現(xiàn)揭露了早期的職業(yè)生涯對(duì)人的生活和幸福狀態(tài)的重要性。

Co-author Hui Zheng, an associate professor of sociology at Ohio State, said the findings reveal the importance that early jobs have on people’s lives and well-being.

他說(shuō)：“你不必在職業(yè)生涯接近尾聲的時(shí)候分析職業(yè)滿意度對(duì)健康的影響，尤其是心理健康方面的影響。”

“You don’t have to be near the end of your career to see the health impact of job satisfaction, particularly on your mental health,” he said.

鄭輝(音譯)還表示，雖然在本次研究中對(duì)比了職業(yè)滿意度與癌癥和肥胖癥的相關(guān)性很小，不過(guò)這些疾病可能在那些職業(yè)滿意度低的人群的日后生活中出現(xiàn)。

Zheng added that though researchers found little difference in other health problems like cancer and diabetes, those issues might be expected later in life among those with lower job satisfaction levels.

“那些對(duì)職業(yè)滿意度越低的人患上了更高程度的心理疾病，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致日后的身體疾病。”他表示。“累積的焦慮和抑郁情緒將會(huì)導(dǎo)致心腦血管疾病或其他在年老時(shí)才會(huì)出現(xiàn)的健康問(wèn)題。”

“The higher levels of mental health problems for those with low job satisfaction may be a precursor to future physical problems,” he said. “Increased anxiety and depression could lead to cardiovascular or other health problems that won’t show up until they are older.”

這項(xiàng)研究，在8月22日美國(guó)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)協(xié)會(huì)的年會(huì)中向公眾展現(xiàn)成果，同時(shí)也證實(shí)了先前關(guān)于職業(yè)滿意度與個(gè)人健康的相關(guān)性研究的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。

The study, presented on Aug. 22 at an annual meeting of the ASA, supports earlier research that suggests a clear correlation between job satisfaction and health.

2003年，一項(xiàng)綜合485項(xiàng)研究的數(shù)據(jù)元分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)職業(yè)滿意度與心理疾病(如職業(yè)倦怠，抑郁癥，焦慮癥)有著很強(qiáng)的相關(guān)性。同時(shí)，職業(yè)幸福感和生理疾病也有一定程度的相關(guān)性。

In a 2003 meta-analysis of 485 studies on the subject, job satisfaction was found to be strongly associated with psychological problems such as burnout, depression and anxiety. A modest link between job happiness and physical illness was also found.

這項(xiàng)分析的研究人員總結(jié)：職業(yè)滿意度是“一個(gè)影響員工身心健康的重要因素。”

Job satisfaction is “an important factor influencing the health of workers,” the authors of the analysis concluded.

研究人員們都建議：“公司機(jī)構(gòu)都應(yīng)該把壓力管理作為公司發(fā)展的策略之一，辨別和移除所有造成職業(yè)不滿的工作任務(wù)，有助提高員工的身心健康。”

“Organizations should include the development of stress management policies to identify and eradicate work practices that cause most job dissatisfaction as part of any exercise aimed at improving employee health,” the authors advised.